The monograph presents a comprehensive study of the demographic processes in Armenia in the 16^th century and in the first half of the 17^th century, focusing on the peculiarities, tendencies, key events. The work highlights the effects of the Turkish-Persian wars, the Jalal movements, the Ottoman Empire, the ethno-religious policies of Safavid Persia, natural disasters, epidemics, and famine on demographic processes, as well as the average family size coefficient, the main waves of internal migration (foreign ethnic infiltrations), the general picture of the population distribution. The book can be useful for historians, researchers of historical demographics, students and a wide range of readers. (in Armenian).