In this manual, the author has made an attempt to comprehensively address the sources and history of the new and recent period of Armenian ethnography. This includes the subsequent stages of the formation of Armenian ethnography as a science from the second half of the 18th century up to our days. An attempt has been made to characterize the formation of Armenian ethnographic science by periods.

The first period covers the second half of the 18th century until the 1850s and 1860s, when more efficient recording of ethnographic materials began. In this context, the ethnological and folkloristic activities of M. Tagiadyan, Kh. Abovyan, members of the Venice Mkhitarist Congregation G. Inchichyan, M. Bzhshkyan are presented.

The second period of formation of Armenian ethnographic science is the 1870-80s, which are characterized by the activities of G. Srvandztyants and Gr. Khalatyants and others, aimed at making ethnological questionnaires.

The third period is from the 1890s up to the beginning of the 20th century, when Armenian ethnography finally established itself as an independent field of Armenian Studies. The efforts of the ethnographer E. Lalayan, as well as the role and significance of the “Ethnographic Journal” he founded, were highly appreciated.

The 1920-1980s are presented as a separate historical period, in particular, the process of development of Armenian ethnographic science during the Soviet period, the achievements of ethnographic, research, educational and scientific-organizational, museum institutions, as well as their shortcomings.

The manual also makes an attempt to briefly present the achievements of ethnographic science from the 1990s to the present day.