This textbook covers the course dedicated to the history of the origin and development of the general and Armenian folklore discipline, which is taught at the baccalaureate level at the Chair of Cultural Studies of the Faculty of History at YSU. Within this framework, the subject matter of Armenian folklore studies is examined: the general characteristics of folklore, its essential features, its interactions with related disciplines, and its complete genre system. For the first time, this textbook provides a comprehensive presentation of folkloristic schools and contemporary approaches. The methods proposed by these schools make it possible to investigate the folklore legacy of the Armenian people from various perspectives. Questions and assignments, as well as extensive lists of primary and supplementary literature, are also provided. It is intended for folklorists, philologists, culturologists, ethnographers, historians of culture, as well as lecturers, students, and PhD students of university humanities faculties.